Questionnaire Design And Example

         Do you know how to prepare a Questionnaire Design? What are its importances? What are its basic steps? What is the main procedure for its data collection? Well, here is an example of Questionnaire Design. A detailed explanation has been provided in this article regarding the Questionnaire Design, Steps, Importances, Types of Questions, Selection of a topic, Objectives, Hypothesis, Methodology, and the procedure for data collection of preparation of a Questionnaire.

Questionnaire

Questionnaire Construction

          Questionnaire construction can be defined as the design of a questionnaire to gather useful information statistically about a given topic. when properly constructed and responsibly administered, the Questionnaire can provide valuable data about any given subject. It is always referred to as adequate questionnaire construction and it is critical to the success of a survey.

          Questionnaires are frequently used in social research and quantitative marketing research. They are a valuable method of collecting a wide range of information from large numbers of individuals, often referred to as respondents. Inappropriate questions, incorrect ordering of questions, incorrect seating, or a bad questionnaire format can make the survey results valueless, as they may not accurately reflect the views and opinions of the participants.

Importance of Questionnaire 

           Questionnaires are sets of questions that are meant to analyze or come to a conclusion about a particular topic or phenomenon. Such documents can either printed or available online on the web for people to find an answer. A questionnaire is constructed with questions in such a manner that it can gather information that would have been difficult to comprehend otherwise. There are certain problems that require to be put forward as a question so as to know what exactly does the candidate feels or thinks about. These questions are sometimes directly or sometimes indirectly related to the topic to squeeze out the deep and inner feelings in the form of answers. But my question in a questionnaire will be more or less handy to get the desired answer from the person answering or responding to the questionnaire. Many questionnaires are used to improve an existing system or product by making a number of questions from different people. Questionnaires basically describe the viewpoint of different individuals and help organizations to upgrade and make necessary and required changes that will be of help in the future.

Types of Questions in Questionnaire

1. Multiple choice:- The respondent has several options from which to choose. 

2. Yes/No questions:- The respondent answers with a 'Yes' or a 'No '.

3. Closed-ended questions:-In these types of sentences respondents' answers are limited to a fixed set of responses. 

4. Sealed questions:-Respondents are graded on a continuum. 

5. Open-ended questions:-In this type of question no options or predefined categories are suggested. The respondent supplies their set answer without being constrained by a fixed set of possible supposes.

6. Word association:- words are presented and the respondent mentions the first word that comes to mind. 

7. Sentence completion:-Respondents complete an incomplete sentence. 

         In these ways, there are some other types of questions also such as - strong completion, picture completion, thematic apperception test contingency question, matrix questions, etc. all are used in a questionnaire.

How to make A Questionnaire?

For making an effective and perfect questionnaire, the following points should be considered-

1. Decide what do you want to learn from your questionnaire. 

2. Plan questions that will help you to get the information you need. 

3. The researcher should use closed-ended questions to gather specific answers. 

4. The researcher needs to use open-ended questions to find feedback from the respondents. 

5. The researcher should ask questions in such a manner that confusion and biases can be removed.

6. Think about how you will deliver your questionnaire. 

7. Design your questionnaire according to your delivery method. 

8. Consider the order of your questions.

9. Decide if you will offer incentives for completing the questionnaire. 

10. Test your questions before you begin surveying people. 

11. Review your data to understand what your questionnaire was really asking. 

12. Further revise your questions. 

13. Review your open-ended questions. 

14. Decide how you will respond to missing data. 

15. Review what sort of feedback you are receiving.

Steps to design a Questionnaire 

           Designing a questionnaire involves 10 main steps-

1. Write a study protocol:- Writing a study protocol involves getting acquainted with making a literature review, subject, formulate a hypothesis, decide on objectives, and define the main information needed to test the hypothesis. 

2. Draw a plan of analysis:- This step determines how the information defined in step one should contain the measures of association and the statistical tests that you intend to use. The researcher also should draw dummy tables with the information of interest. 

3. Draw a list of the information needed:-From the plan of analysis you can draw a list of the information you needed to collect from participants. In this stop, you should determine the type and formal of variables needed. 

4. Design different parts of the questionnaire:- The researcher can start now designing different parts of the questionnaire using the list of needed information. 

5. Write the questions:-Knowing the education and occupation level of the study population, ethnic or migration, and social sensitivities at this step are crucial at this stage. The researcher should keep in mind that the questionnaire needs to be adapted to his or her study population. Look at the 'formats of questions' section for details. 

6. Decide on the order of the questions asked:-The researcher should start from easy, day-to-day general, and factual to difficult, particular, and abstract questions. 

7. Complete the questionnaire:-Add information for the interviewers and definitions of keywords for participants. Ensure a smooth flow from one topic to the next one. 

8. Verify the content and style of the questions:-Verify that each question answers one of the objectives and all your objectives are covered by the questions asked. 

9. Conduct a pilot study:-The researcher should always conduct a pilot study among the intended population before going deep into the study. 

10. Refine your questionnaire:-Depending on the results or outcomes of the pilot study the researcher need to amend the questionnaire before the main survey starts.

Selection of topic for Questionnaire

         For making a 'Questionnaire' I have selected the following topic-

Topic:-"Attitude of the student teachers' of A.B.C.(Example) B.Ed college towards B.Ed course. "

Objectives of Questionnaire

1. To know students teachers attitude Towards B.Ed.

2. To find out the significant differences, if any, in the attitude towards B.Ed trainees in terms of their sex. 

Hypothesis:- There are no significant differences in the mean scores of attitude towards B.Ed in terms of student teachers' sex.

Methodology:- To assess the attitude of the student teachers toward B.Ed 'Questionnaire' method has been used as a tool. 

Procedure for the collection of data

        Data collection for the present study is qualities in nature. For the collection of the data, the researcher will have to visit ABC B.Ed college. He will have to try to know the attitudes of the student teachers through various questions related to their B. Ed course, their satisfaction, and dissatisfaction with the course.

Specimen of a Questionnaire

An example of questionnaire is shown in the following images-

Questionnaire

Questionnaire construction

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